Knowledge & Infos
History of Students Unions in Nepal
Published
4 years agoon
Students Unions don’t have too long history in Nepal. But they have helped in every revolution inside the country. In this post we will talk about the history of Students Organizations which has been active for educational , social and political changes.
Student Organizations
Student organizations are the autonomous group of students established in educational institutions with same political ideology or interest. It can also be a group of students from same district or home town and also group of interested students on certain activities such as literature, sports, etc. Generally, it is formed for the welfare and intellectual development of the students.
Student Union
Student Unions are the students organizations which are formed by students of same political ideology within the Educational Institutions.
Free Students’ Union (FSU)
It is the elected committee of different Student Union who become the recognized mediator between the students and the administration of an institution.
Establishment Timeline of Student Unions in Nepal
1991 BS – Nepal Student Organizations formed by Nepali student in Banaras, India
2001 BS – Himanchal Student Organization (Himanchal Bidhyarthi Sangh) was formed by Nepali student in Calcutta, India.
2006 BS – All Nepal Student Federation (ANSF) established
2022 BS – All Nepal National Student Union (ANNSU) formed from ANSF which was a near-Communist Ideology.
2027 BS – Nepal student Union (NSU) created from ANSF under the leadership of Sher Bahadur Deuba which was the student union of a Democratic Party i.e. Nepali Congress
History
“Nepali Student Organization” was the first student organization established by Nepali students in 1991 BS in Banaras, India to revolt against the Rana Regime. In Nepal, there were only few educational institutions and many Nepalese used to go to India for their studies. Also as India is the close neighbour of Nepal with similar culture, language; and moreover, India itself was in a movement for its independence. So, it was easier for Nepali student to gather and revolt against the autocratic Rana Regime from there. Forming student unions and protesting against the Rana regime while staying in Nepal was not easy and safe at that time.
Ganga Lal Shrestha, founding member of Nepali Student Organization as well as a student leader of Tri Chandra College was hanged in 1997 BS for the charge of rebelling against the Rana regime. So, Ganga Lal Shrestha is also considered as the first student movement martyr of Nepal. Also, Nepali student formed “Himanchal Bidhyarthi Sangh” (Himanchal Student Organization) to revolt against the Rana from Calcutta, India in 2001 BS.
The “Jayatu Sanskritam” was first Nepali student protest held in 2004 BS, which was organized with demand of making arrangement of study of modern subjects like Science , Business , Economics, Mathematics , Geology etc. rather than the religious subjects only. However, in reality it was just an outer reason to display, the actual intension was to start an uprising against the Ranas. Ranas didn’t want to open more educational institutions inside the country, thinking that people would become informed and educated and their regime would be threatened. They wanted student to study only religious study.
In 2006 BS, All Nepal Student Federation (ANSF) was established which was also the outcome of First Nepali Student Movement “Jayatu Sanskritam”. ANSF is considered as the first organized Student Union in Nepal which is also the mother of all present Student Unions.
After the end of Rana Regime in 2007 BS and establishment of democracy, the ban on Political organizations was lifted up. At that time, Nepali Congress, Nepal Communist Party and few other political parties were in existence.
But the democracy was only short-lived as it was again hijacked in 2017 BS whereby the Panchayat system started in the country. Political parties were banned again and many political leaders were exiled or locked up. The Panchayat was very strict against political parties as they would influence people on democracy and freedom.
At the same time, the political parties formed their student wings which were not forbidden. They knew that to convey their message to the people, student unions could be a good medium. They could make the youth aware about democracy and also could create favourable environment to revolt against the Panchayat system.
In 2022 BS, the Communist Party formed their student wing called “All Nepal National Free Student Union” (ANNFSU). Also in 2027 BS, the student wing of Nepali Congress was formed under the leadership of Sher Bahadur Deuba.
Students used to gather under the Student Union where they were given special classes by the Political leaders. They were made aware of the importance of democracy, equality, justice and freedom. The Student Unions became a means for the Political Parties to initiate a rebellion.
In 2036 BS, students protested in response to the Death penalty of Ex-Prime minister of Pakistan Julfiyar Ali Bhutto by the military government. There was a clash between the Students and riot police near the Embassy of Pakistan. The clash resulted in unrest among the students on account of police brutality. Students then put forward a list of demands to the government, urging an end to police repression against the student movement. A series of other protests were held by students in the days to come. In this way, the protest against a death penalty turned into a protest against autocratic Panchayati rule. Finally, the then King Birendra declared the Referendum, which was held in 2037 BS.
Student Unions fought for Democracy till its restoration in 2046 BS. At that time, lots of young children of poor Illiterate parents from every corner of the country were in college. Students Unions made them aware about the democracy, freedom ,rights, justice. So those young students used to transfer all those ideas/message to others. Student Unions visited every schools, collage of the country to recruit new members and also conveyed the message of the political parties. So the Nepalese society quickly become aware of the necessity for a rebellion. Consequently, the Mass Revolution of 2046 became successful.
After the restoration of Democracy , Student Unions worked to solve the problems within their Educational Institution. Also, they protested against some issues such as the Hritik Roshan Case, controversial project of Tanakpur, against corruption, inflation and many more. ANNFSU (Revolutionary), a student wing of the Communist party(Maoist) supported and involved in the war led by their parent party starting in 2052 BS.
But again after King Gyanendra took the power in his hands, the Student Union with their mother organization began to revolt against him. They played a major role in the protest against undemocratic government and in the success of the Mass Movement of 2062/63.
Now, we have democracy and Freedom. In previous days, there was a great role of the Student Unions inside and outside the institutions . They used to overview all the nationals and international activities and lead all protest or campaign.
Students Unions certainly have glorious history and have achieved major achievements in past days. At this time obviously Students Unions are not limited inside the educational institution only but their role didn’t last like those previous days.
If you think that the information given by this article is incorrect or incomplete, help the writer to enrich his/her article by commenting below in the comment box or writing to us at connect@kmagz.com
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Knowledge & Infos
What’s Special Today: November 10
Published
1 year agoon
November 10, 2021By
Aiko RanaChhath:

Historically native to the Indian states of Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand and the southern part of Nepal, Chhath is one of those festivals that transcends the caste system that exists in the society. According to the Hindu calendar, it is celebrated on the sixth day of the lunar month of Kartik. The Chhath Puja is a 4-day long ritual specially offered to the solar deity, Surya, to show thankfulness for good health, good life and to request the granting of some certain wishes.
Day 1: On the first day, the devotees after bathing clean their house and eat the food that is offered to the god to protect the mind from the vengeful tendency.
Day 2: On the second day, the devotees are not allowed to drink even a single drop of water but, in the evening, they eat kheer made up of jaggery, fruits.
Day 3: The evening of the third day which is also known as sandhya ‘arghya’ day where a bamboo basket is decorated with various puja materials, fruits, thekuwa, and laddus which are offered as an ‘argya’ to the Sun. Also, the Chhathi Maiya is worshipped.
Day 4: On the last day of Chhath puja again an arghya is offered to the Sun God but this time in the morning. The devotees go to the riverbank to offer arghya to the rising sun and break their fast and conclude their four-day long worship.
Happy Chhath to everyone! Don’t forget to enjoy some thekuwas!!
World Keratoconus Day:

Every year on November 10, World Keratoconus Day is celebrated to focus global attention on keratoconus and ectatic corneal disorders. The day was first celebrated by National Keratoconus Foundation.
Keratoconus is a disease that causes the cornea to become weak, leading to the thinning and stretching of the cornea, which may result in the loss of vision. Keratoconus is degeneration of the structure of the cornea. The shape of the cornea slowly changes from the normal round shape to a cone shape which affects the vision. The keratoconus mainly develops in teenagers and young adults and the disease keeps on growing, if not diagnosed in time.
The disease has no prevention and no treatment. With early diagnosis, the disease can be managed and further damage can be protected. In Nepal, the prevalence of Keratoconus is 1 in 2000 according to the recent journal. So, this world keratoconus day, make a commitment to visit an eye doctor once a year for the early diagnosis of keratoconus as well as other eye diseases.
Knowledge & Infos
Best and Worst Bank in Nepal as per our survey
Published
1 year agoon
November 3, 2021By
Anshu Thapa
We had conducted an online survey to find out how banking services in Nepal are being used and perceived by their users. This article is entirely based on those responses. Thank you Muktinath Bikash Bank for supporting us in conducting this survey.

Over the years, Banks have become an integral part of our daily life and economy. With the shift to digitalization and modernization of the economy, banks have definitely made life easier for people to manage their cash and transactions. With these shifts and increasing dependency on banks more than ever, the use of banking services and users’ banking experience is one of the topics with the minimal amount of research done. Out of curiosity, we conducted an online survey to find out how people have been feeling about the banking services provided by the respective banks.
About Respondents
Respondents were mostly urban educated youth with access to the internet, in the age bracket of 18-40, mostly being from 22-26 age group. The data was collected through social media users, primarily from page followers of KMAG. In total, we got 219 responses out of which 160 were males and 59 were females.

In the list of questionnaires, one of the questions was “which is your favorite bank from Nepal as per your own experience,” and another being “which bank do you think is the worst.” Among 219, 27 respondents were undecided and 192 casted their votes for “best” and the “worst.” To build the conclusion on more strong foundation, we wanted to make sure respondents voice their opinion per their experience for which we had also asked them to reveal their primary bank.
Out of the total participants, a majority of 89.6% have multiple bank accounts though 19.5% of them just use one of those accounts. The remaining 10.4% claimed to have an only bank account. Out of all those banks, Nabil Bank is the primary bank for 36 participants (which was the highest no. of primary account holders in a particular bank). After Nabil, most of them were primary users of NIC Asia, Global IME, and Siddhartha Bank.
Nabil is voted as “Favorite Bank”
Nabil Bank seems to be the most favorite and popular among the respondents. With a total of 45 votes, it was voted the “most liked” bank. Among them, 29 were the primary account holders of the bank. Under “least liked,” it only got 4 votes.
To briefly talk about Nabil Bank, Nabil Bank is an ‘A’ class commercial bank which was founded in 1984 A.D. (2041 B.S.). It was established as Nepal’s first private sector bank incepted by multinational investors with the objective of providing modern, international-standard financial services. It was first established as Nepal Arab Bank Limited. In 1995, Dubai-government owned the majority of shares was bought by Binod Chaudhary.
NIC Asia is “least favourite”
With 76 votes for “worst bank,” NIC Asia seems like the “least liked” bank from Nepal as per the responses. Interestingly though, it has also been voted as “favorite bank” by 17 respondents.
After NIC Asia, Nepal Investment Bank seems like the second “least favorite” bank from Nepal with 23 votes against the bank.
On being asked the reason for disliking the bank, most of the participants seem to agree on the same point and that is “terrible” customer service of the bank. Similarly, other reasons were bad internet/mobile banking facilities, fraud-like business practices, and lack of important banking services/products being provided by the. Not to forget few were unhappy about the lack of branch/ATM services.

The detailed data are presented in the table below:
Banks | Primary Account | Liked | Disliked |
Nabil Bank | 36 | 45 | 4 |
Global IME Bank | 25 | 17 | 10 |
NIC Asia Bank | 29 | 17 | 76 |
Siddhartha Bank | 16 | 14 | 7 |
Sanima Bank | 13 | 11 | 2 |
Laxmi Bank | 12 | 10 | 1 |
Mega Bank | 10 | 10 | 2 |
Standard Chartered Bank | 9 | 8 | 2 |
NMB Bank | 6 | 7 | 7 |
Bank of Kathmandu | 5 | 6 | 1 |
Machhapuchchhre Bank | 7 | 6 | 5 |
Himalayan Bank | 7 | 5 | 9 |
Sunrise Bank | 7 | 5 | 2 |
Muktinath Bikash Bank | 4 | 4 | 2 |
Century Commercial Bank | 3 | 3 | 0 |
Civil Bank | 4 | 3 | 3 |
Everest bank | 2 | 3 | 10 |
Kamana Sewa Bikas Bank | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Prabhu Bank Limited | 8 | 3 | 8 |
Rastriya Banijya Bank | 3 | 3 | 9 |
Agriculture Development Bank | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Citizens Bank | 5 | 2 | 1 |
Kumari Bank | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Nepal Bangladesh Bank | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Nepal Bank | 3 | 2 | 5 |
Nepal Investment Bank | 15 | 2 | 23 |
Garima Bikash Bank | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Nepal SBI Bank | 2 | 1 | 11 |
NCC Bank | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Prime Commercial Bank | 7 | 1 | 2 |
Manakamana Development Bank | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Shangri-la Development Bank | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Knowledge & Infos
How to design a survey questionnaire
This article was originally designed for KMAG Online Writing Workshop and made available to public for knowledge-sharing purpose.
Published
1 year agoon
October 6, 2021A survey is a list of questions aimed at extracting specific data from a particular group of people so that the surveyor can gain knowledge and insights into various topics of interest and then mostly generalize the result. How to design a survey questionnaire completely depends upon the purpose behind the survey. Depending on the purpose, questions are framed.
Let’s understand this way, surveyor seeks to know anything based on either of the following grounds:
- They don’t know anything, they are curious to find out, and they seek for answers. Example: I don’t know many people smoke and I want to find out by asking everyone out there.
- They think they know but they are not sure and they want to find out if what they think they know is actually true or false. Example: I think 50% of Nepalese do smoke but I am not sure yet and I want to validate my assumption by surveying.
- They strongly believe that what they know is the facts and now they want to interpret the world based on the “facts” they live by. Example: I strongly believe that smoking is bad and raising tax and making it expensive is the way to discourage people to smoke. I want to survey to find out how many Nepalese believe the same and agree with raising taxes and making it expensive would discouarge people to smoke.
Whatever grounds you are holding, you must frame your questionnaire according to that. So before working on the questionnaire ask yourself if you are trying to know the unknown or are you trying to validate or crosscheck what you think you know or you are trying to pass judgment or views based on your preset theory/hypothesis that your understanding is based upon.
This is how it goes:
You already have a theory and you want to analyze people based on the theory.
Let’s take for example “Job satisfaction Survey.” In this case, as per your theory/hypothesis, to be called “satisfied” one must be displaying so and so traits and views; if not, the person is not satisfied in his/her job. Based on that, you will be designing a questionnaire and see how many people meet the criteria to pass your judgment. If your theory says, highly satisfied people have flexible working hours, one of your questions will be something like “Can you come to your office at whatever time you want and can leave per your own wish as long as you are doing what you are paid for? Yes/No/Depends.” Likewise, there will be other questions set in a fashion to funnel your judgment regarding what percentage of people are satisfied with their job and work.
You have a theory or hypothesis that you want to validate or crosscheck
In this case, you have an assumption but you are not sure of and you want to crosscheck or validate by testing it on people. For example let’s say you think “Most arranged marriage people are unhappy,” and you want to validate your claim or crosscheck the truth in it by surveying among arranged marriage couples. Your questions will be something like “If you have to rate your marriage in terms of joy and happiness in it, how much will you rate on a 1 to 10 scale?” followed by questions like “if you have a time machine, would you go back right before the marriage and take your time to find out someone to have a love marriage? Yes/No/Maybe”
You don’t have any theory or hypothesis and you are only to find out unseen/unknown reality
In this case, you don’t have any preconceived thoughts or assumptions and you are plainly trying to learn or find out in an open-minded fashion. Like for example, You don’t know how many educated youth from Nepal actually do smoke, nor you know why they smoke despite its negative effect and you are set out to find out the answer by surveying. In such surveys, your questions will be like “do you smoke? Yes/No. “If you smoke, how many cigarettes do you smoke per day?” “despite its negative effect, why do you still smoke?”etc.
Sometimes, you can have a mixed approach, wherein the topic of your interest that you are surveying on, part of it is something you strongly believe being fact, part of it is something you are unsure about, and part of it is something you don’t know a thing about and you are willing to learn. Like for example, you strongly believe happy couples display so and so traits, and you think couples from love marriages are happier but you are not sure of, and you don’t know at all if personal happiness is valued more in marriage or responsibilities and social factors in the context of Nepal. So part of your questionnaires will be driven by your theory that you consider as being fact, part of it will be intended to cross-verify your assumption, and part of it will be purely seeking truth as it is without any deliberate attempt to frame your assumption.
Bottom line, you should know your ground, the purpose of surveying, what you intend to do afterward, based on which you should be working on your questionnaires. Your questionnaires will be designed according to your intention, so there is no hard and fast rule but make sure, in the end, you gather all the relevant information so put together to build a conclusion and for that, you need to think about what all needs to be asked to fill up the blocks and connect the dots.
Tastebuds Assessment 2021

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